Characteristics of nickel flash smelting reaction process
The dried nickel sulfide concentrate particles are oxidized in a suspended state in an oxidizing gas stream, and the reaction product falls into the sedimentation tank to continue the osmium and slagging reaction, and the phase separation of the nickel ruthenium and the slag is completed. The chemical reaction in the flash smelting process is not substantially different from the traditional process. It is only through the improvement of the smelting equipment and the smelting process to improve the kinetic conditions of the heterogeneous reaction between the sulphide concentrate and the strong oxidizing gas, and achieve the purpose of smelting. The characteristics of the flash smelting reaction process are as follows: 1 The fine particle material is suspended in the turbulent oxidizing gas stream, the mass transfer heat transfer condition of the gas-liquid-solid three phase is improved, and the chemical reaction is fast; 2 sprayed fine The dry concentrate has a large specific surface (according to the measurement, 1kg of concentrate of -0.074mm has a surface area of ​​200mm 2 or more), and the reaction speed and oxidation degree of oxidizing gas and sulfide at high temperature lead to concentrate More iron and sulfur oxidation (for example, the Kalgoor Nickel plant flash furnace desulfurization rate is 80%, and the Picker Nickel plant is 85%). Due to the fast reaction speed, the amount of heat released per unit time is reduced, so that the fuel consumption is reduced, thereby reducing the amount of SO 2 introduced by the fuel, increasing the concentration of SO 2 in the flue gas, and creating favorable conditions for comprehensive utilization of the flue gas.
The effect of the Norilsk plant on the temperature measurement of the nickel flash furnace and the change of some of the main parameters on the smelting results are shown in Figure 2 and the table below. The data of measuring points 2 and 3 represent the temperature distribution of the corresponding position of the reaction tower, and the data of measuring point 4 represents the gas phase temperature above the surface of the molten pool of the sedimentation tank, and the data of these measuring points is between 1200 and 1400 °C. Increasing the amount of treated ore and oxygen and oxygen can increase the grade of nickel niobium, but the amount of nickel in the slag also increases.
 
 Temperature position of the nickel flash furnace of the Norilsk factory ( a ) and cross-section temperature distribution of the corresponding position of the furnace ( b )
t r — thermocouple measured; t R — radiation high thermometer measured
 Effect of Main Parameters of Norilsk Nickel Flash Furnace on Nickel Content of Slag | ||||
parameter | Feed amount / ( th -1 ) | |||
125.2 | 110.1 | 126 | 134.6 | |
Air volume / ( km 3 .h -1 ) | 64.1 | 43 | 50 | 56.7 |
Oxygen concentration /% | 42 | 48 | 48 | 48 |
Material containing Fe/% | 46.8 | 49.2 | 48.3 | 45.7 |
S% | 36 | 32.7 | 33.7 | 35.7 |
Ni/% | 7.28 | 7.32 | 7.37 | 7.32 |
é”Ni/% | 22.2 | 30.3 | 29.3 | 28.5 |
Slag containing Ni% | 0.4 | 0.37 | 0.63 | 0.64 |
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